Forms of life on Earth

How many forms of life exist on Earth? About 1.7 million different species of living things have been identified to date. Scientists estimate that at least ten times this number are still waiting to be discovered.

The great diversity of species is essential for healthy, stable ecosystems. This makes it a precious resource that must be protected.

Some of these life forms are at risk. In Canada, the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) has listed 380 species as being 'at risk'. The COSEWIC list includes the following 'risk' categories:

• Extinct: a species that no longer exists.
• Extirpated: a species no longer existing in the wild in Canada, but occurring elsewhere.
• Endangered: a species facing imminent extirpation or extinction.
• Threatened: a species likely to become endangered if limiting factors are not reversed.
• Special Concern: a species of special concern because of characteristics that make it particularly sensitive to human activities or natural events.

Several species found in Kejimkujik National Park are at risk. The piping plover is endangered and the Blanding's turtle is threatened.

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